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http://www.structuralgenomics.org/

The Structural Genomics Project aims at determination of the 3D structure of all proteins. It also aims to reduce the cost and time required to determine three-dimensional protein structures. It supports selection, registration, and tracking of protein families and representative targets. This aim can be achieved in four steps : -Organize known protein sequences into families. -Select family representatives as targets. -Solve the 3D structure of targets by X-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy. -Build models for other proteins by homology to solved 3D structures. PSI has established a high-throughput structure determination pipeline focused on eukaryotic proteins. NMR spectroscopy is an integral part of this pipeline, both as a method for structure determinations and as a means for screening proteins for stable structure. Because computational approaches have estimated that many eukaryotic proteins are highly disordered, about 1 year into the project, CESG began to use an algorithm. The project has been organized into two separate phases. The first phase was dedicated to demonstrating the feasibility of high-throughput structure determination, solving unique protein structures, and preparing for a subsequent production phase. The second phase, PSI-2, has focused on implementing the high-throughput structure determination methods developed in PSI-1, as well as homology modeling and addressing bottlenecks like modeling membrane proteins. The first phase of the Protein Structure Initiative (PSI-1) saw the establishment of nine pilot centers focusing on structural genomics studies of a range of organisms, including Arabidopsis thaliana, Caenorhabditis elegans and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. During this five-year period over 1,100 protein structures were determined, over 700 of which were classified as unique due to their < 30% sequence similarity with other known protein structures. The primary goal of PSI-1 was to develop methods to streamline the structure determination process, resulted in an array of technical advances. Several methods developed during PSI-1 enhanced expression of recombinant proteins in systems like Escherichia coli, Pichia pastoris and insect cell lines. New streamlined approaches to cell cloning, expression and protein purification were also introduced, in which robotics and software platforms were integrated into the protein production pipeline to minimize required manpower, increase speed, and lower costs. The goal of the second phase of the Protein Structure Initiative (PSI-2) is to use methods introduced in PSI-1 to determine a large number of proteins and continue development in streamlining the structural genomics pipeline. Currently, the third phase of the PSI is being developed and will be called PSI: Biology. The consortia will propose work on substantial biological problems that can benefit from the determination of many protein structures Sponsors: PSI is funded by the U.S. National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS),

Proper citation: Protein Structure Initiative (RRID:SCR_002161) Copy   

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http://www.ensembl.org/

Collection of genome databases for vertebrates and other eukaryotic species with DNA and protein sequence search capabilities. Used to automatically annotate genome, integrate this annotation with other available biological data and make data publicly available via web. Ensembl tools include BLAST, BLAT, BioMart and the Variant Effect Predictor (VEP) for all supported species.

Proper citation: Ensembl (RRID:SCR_002344) Copy   

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http://provean.jcvi.org/

A software tool which predicts whether an amino acid substitution or indel has an impact on the biological function of a protein.

Proper citation: PROVEAN (RRID:SCR_002182) Copy   

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http://www.bioinfo.tsinghua.edu.cn/dbsubloc.html

A database of protein subcellular localization containing proteins from primary protein database SWISS-PROT and PIR. By collecting the subcellular localization annotation, these information are classified and categorized by cross references to taxonomies and Gene Ontology database. Annotations were taken from primary protein databases, model organism genome projects and literature texts, and then were analyzed to dig out the subcellular localization features of the proteins. The proteins are also classified into different categories. Based on sequence alignment, nonredundant subsets of the database have been built, which may provide useful information for subcellular localization prediction. The database now contains >60 000 protein sequences including 30 000 protein sequences in the nonredundant data sets. Online download, SOAP server, Blast tools and prediction services are also available.

Proper citation: DBSubLoc - Database of protein Subcellular Localization (RRID:SCR_002339) Copy   

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http://www.humgen.rwth-aachen.de/

Catalog of all changes detected in PKHD1 (Polycystic Kidney and Hepatic Disease 1) in a locus specific database. Investigators are invited to submit their novel data to this database. These data should be meaningful for clinical practice as well as of relevance for the reader interested in molecular aspects of polycystic kidney disease (PKD). There are also some links and information for ARPKD patients and their parents. Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD/PKHD1) is an important cause of renal-related and liver-related morbidity and mortality in childhood. This study reports mutation screening in 90 ARPKD patients and identifies mutations in 110 alleles making up a detection rate of 61%. Thirty-four of the detected mutations have not been reported previously. Two underlying mutations in 40 patients and one mutation in 30 cases are disclosed, and no mutation was detected on the remaining chromosomes. Mutations were found to be scattered throughout the gene without evidence of clustering at specific sites. PKHD1 mutation analysis is a powerful tool to establish the molecular cause of ARPKD in a given family. Direct identification of mutations allows an unequivocal diagnosis and accurate genetic counseling even in families displaying diagnostic challenges.

Proper citation: Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease Mutation Database (RRID:SCR_002290) Copy   

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http://www.csardock.org

Experimental datasets of crystal structures and binding affinities for diverse protein-ligand complexes. Some datasets are generated in house while others are collected from the literature or deposited by academic labs, national centers, and the pharmaceutical industry. For the community to improve their approaches, they need exceptional datasets to train scoring functions and develop new docking algorithms. They aim to provide the highest quality data for a diverse collection of proteins and small molecule ligands. They need input from the community in developing target priorities. Ideal targets will have many high-quality crystal structures (apo and 10-20 bound to diverse ligands) and affinity data for 25 compounds that range in size, scaffold, and logP. It is best if the ligand set has several congeneric series that span a broad range of affinity, with low nanomolar to mid-micromolar being most desirable. They prefer Kd data over Ki data over IC50 data (no % activity data). They will determine solubility, pKa, logP/logD data for the ligands whenever possible. They have augmented some donated IC50 data by determining Kon/Koff and ITC data.

Proper citation: Community Structure-Activity Resource (RRID:SCR_002206) Copy   

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http://www.pharmabase.org/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented August 25, 2015. Open content cheminformatics database linking physiology with pharmacology, it targets the action and use of pharmacological compounds in modifying protein function, while revealing molecular relationships and linking out to related databases and sites. Pharmabase has been developed as a research tool, a resource for students, and an ongoing interactive forum on the use of pharmacological compounds in cellular research. It has several navigational routes, including a graphics browser (shows graphics of cell types and pathways) and membrane transport, which also illustrates the diversity of mechanisms that are covered. Users have access to detailed compound records with interactive features, and a form to send comments to the editor. Investigators are encouraged to alert the editors to mistakes, omissions or new compound information available from their reading and research.

Proper citation: Pharmabase - an open content cheminformatics resource linking physiology with pharmacology (RRID:SCR_002462) Copy   

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http://proteininformationresource.org/

Integrated public bioinformatics resource to support genomic, proteomic and systems biology research and scientific studies. Provides databases and protein sequence analysis tools to scientific community, including Protein Sequence Database which grew out from the Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure. Conducts research in biomedical text mining and ontology, computational systems biology, and bioinformatics cyberinfrastructure. In 2002 PIR, along with its international partners, EBI (European Bioinformatics Institute) and SIB (Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics), were awarded a grant from NIH to create UniProt, a single worldwide database of protein sequence and function, by unifying the PIR-PSD, Swiss-Prot, and TrEMBL databases. Currently, PIR major activities include: i) UniProt (Universal Protein Resource) development, ii) iProClass protein data integration and ID mapping, iii) PRO protein ontology, and iv) iProLINK protein literature mining and ontology development. The FTP site provides free download for iProClass, PIRSF, and PRO.

Proper citation: Protein Information Resource (RRID:SCR_002837) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://reflect.embl.de/

Web service that tags gene, protein, and small molecule names in any web page. Clicking on a tagged term opens a small popup showing summary information, and allows the user to quickly link to more detailed information. For each protein or gene, Reflect provides domain structure, sub-cellular localization, 3D structure, and interaction partners. For small molecules, it provides the chemical structure and interaction partners. Reflect can be installed as a plugin to Firefox or Internet Explorer, or can be used by entering a URL in the field provided. It can also be accessed programmatically via a REST or SOAP API, and a Reflect button can easily be added to any web page using Javascript or using a CGI proxy. Reflect was first-prize winner out of over 70 submissions in the Elsevier Grand Challenge, an international competition for systems that improve the way scientific information is communicated and used. Reflect can be edited and improved by the community.

Proper citation: Reflect (RRID:SCR_002714) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.gramene.org

Curated, open-source, integrated data resource for comparative functional genomics in crops and model plant species to facilitate the study of cross-species comparisons using information generated from projects supported by public funds. It currently hosts annotated whole genomes in over two dozen plant species and partial assemblies for almost a dozen wild rice species in the Ensembl browser, genetic and physical maps with genes, ESTs and QTLs locations, genetic diversity data sets, structure-function analysis of proteins, plant pathways databases (BioCyc and Plant Reactome platforms), and descriptions of phenotypic traits and mutations. The web-based displays for phenotypes include the Genes and Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) modules. Sequence based relationships are displayed in the Genomes module using the genome browser adapted from Ensembl, in the Maps module using the comparative map viewer (CMap) from GMOD, and in the Proteins module displays. BLAST is used to search for similar sequences. Literature supporting all the above data is organized in the Literature database. In addition, Gramene now hosts a variety of web services including a Distributed Annotation Server (DAS), BLAST and a public MySQL database. Twice a year, Gramene releases a major build of the database and makes interim releases to correct errors or to make important updates to software and/or data. Additionally you can access Gramene through an FTP site.

Proper citation: Gramene (RRID:SCR_002829) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://pir.georgetown.edu/pro/

An ontological representation of protein-related entities, explicitly defining them and showing the relationships between them. Each PRO term represents a distinct class of entities (including specific modified forms, orthologous isoforms, and protein complexes) ranging from the taxon-neutral to the taxon-specific. PRO encompasses three sub-ontologies: proteins based on evolutionary relatedness (ProEvo); protein forms produced from a given gene locus (ProForm); and protein-containing complexes (ProComp).

Proper citation: PRO (RRID:SCR_002902) Copy   

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http://www.Ablynx.com

A biopharmaceutical company engaged in the discovery and development of Nanobodies, a novel class of antibody-derived therapeutic proteins based on single-domain antibody fragments, for a range of serious life-threatening human diseases including inflammation, hematology, oncology and pulmonary disease.

Proper citation: Ablynx (RRID:SCR_002940) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://gemdock.life.nctu.edu.tw/3D-Interologs

Database of physical protein-protein interactions across multiple genomes. Based on 3D-domain interolog mapping and a scoring function, protein-protein interactions are inferred by using three-dimensional (3D) structure heterodimers to search the UniProt database. For a query protein, the database utilizes BLAST to identify homologous proteins and the interacting partners from multiple species. Based on the scoring function and structure complexes, it provides the statistic significances, the interacting models (e.g. hydrogen bonds and conserved amino acids), and functional annotations of interacting partners of a query protein. The identification of orthologous proteins of multiple species allows the study of protein-protein evolution, protein functions, and cross-referencing of proteins.

Proper citation: 3D-Interologs (RRID:SCR_003101) Copy   

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http://cal.tongji.edu.cn/PlantLoc/index.jsp

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on January 4,2023. An accurate web server for predicting plant protein subcellular localization by substantiality motif.

Proper citation: PlantLoc (RRID:SCR_003138) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://elm.eu.org

Computational biology resource for investigating candidate functional sites in eukarytic proteins. Functional sites which fit to the description linear motif are currently specified as patterns using Regular Expression rules. To improve the predictive power, context-based rules and logical filters are being developed and applied to reduce the amount of false positives. The current version of the ELM server provides core functionality including filtering by cell compartment, phylogeny, globular domain clash (using the SMART/Pfam databases) and structure. In addition, both the known ELM instances and any positionally conserved matches in sequences similar to ELM instance sequences are identified and displayed (see ELM instance mapper). Although the ELM resource contains a large collection of functional site motifs, the current set of motifs is not exhaustive.

Proper citation: Eukaryotic Linear Motif (RRID:SCR_003085) Copy   

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http://www.diabetesgenome.org

Produce resources to unravel the interface between insulin action, insulin resistance and the genetics of type 2 diabetes including an annotated public database, standardized protocols for gene expression and proteomic analysis, and ultimately diabetes-specific and insulin action-specific DNA chips for investigators in the field. The project aims to identify the sets of the genes involved in insulin action and the predisposition to type 2 diabetes, as well as the secondary changes in gene expression that occur in response to the metabolic abnormalities present in diabetes. There are five major and one pilot project involving human and rodent tissues that are designed to: * Create a database of the genes expressed in insulin-responsive tissues, as well as accessible tissues, that are regulated by insulin, insulin resistance and diabetes. * Assess levels and patterns of gene expression in each tissue before and after insulin stimulation in normal and genetically-modified rodents; normal, insulin resistant and diabetic humans, and in cultured and freshly isolated cell models. * Correlate the level and patterns of expression at the mRNA and/or protein level with the genetic and metabolic phenotype of the animal or cell. * Generate genomic sequence from a panel of humans with type 2 diabetes focusing on the genes most highly regulated by insulin and diabetes to determine the range of sequence and expression variation in these genes and the proteins they encode, which might affect the risk of diabetes or insulin resistance. The DGAP project will define: * the normal anatomy of gene expression, i.e. basal levels of expression and response to insulin. * the morbid anatomy of gene expression, i.e., the impact of diabetes on expression patterns and the insulin response. * the extent to which genetic variability might contribute to the alterations in expression or to diabetes itself.

Proper citation: DGAP (RRID:SCR_003036) Copy   

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http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/dalilite/indexhtml

Tool that computes optimal and suboptimal structural alignments between two protein structures. It will compare all chains in the first structure against all chains in the second (unless specific chain IDs are given). The resulting superimposed coordinate files can be downloaded or viewed interactively in Jmol. The Dali method optimizes a weighted sum of similarities of intramolecular distances. Suboptimal alignments do not overlap the optimal alignment or each other. Suboptimal alignments detected by the program are reported if the Z-score is above 2; they may be of interest if there are internal repeats in either structure. SOAP Web services are also available.

Proper citation: DaliLite Pairwise comparison of protein structures (RRID:SCR_003047) Copy   

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http://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/msa/clustalw2/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on January 19, 2022. Command line version of multiple sequence alignment program Clustal for DNA or proteins. Alignment is progressive and considers sequence redundancy. No longer being maintained. Please consider using Clustal Omega instead which accepts nucleic acid or protein sequences in multiple sequence formats NBRF/PIR, EMBL/UniProt, Pearson (FASTA), GDE, ALN/ClustalW, GCG/MSF, RSF.

Proper citation: Clustal W2 (RRID:SCR_002909) Copy   

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http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi

Web search tool to find regions of similarity between biological sequences. Program compares nucleotide or protein sequences to sequence databases and calculates statistical significance. Used for identifying homologous sequences.

Proper citation: NCBI BLAST (RRID:SCR_004870) Copy   

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http://noble.gs.washington.edu/proj/philius/

Web server that predicts protein transmembrane topology and signal peptides. Hidden Markov models (HMM) have been successfully applied to the tasks of transmembrane protein topology prediction and signal peptide prediction. They expand upon this work by making use of the more powerful class of dynamic Bayesian networks (DBN). Their model, Philius, is inspired by a previously published HMM, Phobius, and combines a signal peptide sub-model with a transmembrane sub-model. They introduce a two-stage DBN decoder which combines the power of posterior decoding with the grammar constraints of Viterbi-style decoding. Philius also provides protein type, segment, and topology confidence metrics to aid in the interpretation of the predictions.

Proper citation: Philius (RRID:SCR_004625) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry