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http://flybase.org/

Database of Drosophila genetic and genomic information with information about stock collections and fly genetic tools. Gene Ontology (GO) terms are used to describe three attributes of wild-type gene products: their molecular function, the biological processes in which they play a role, and their subcellular location. Additionally, FlyBase accepts data submissions. FlyBase can be searched for genes, alleles, aberrations and other genetic objects, phenotypes, sequences, stocks, images and movies, controlled terms, and Drosophila researchers using the tools available from the "Tools" drop-down menu in the Navigation bar.

Proper citation: FlyBase (RRID:SCR_006549) Copy   

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http://pga.mgh.harvard.edu/primerbank/

Database of human and mouse primer pairs for gene expression analysis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative PCR (qPCR). A total of 306,800 primers covering most known human and mouse genes can be accessed from the PrimerBank database, together with information on these primers such as T(m), location on the transcript and amplicon size. For each gene, at least one primer pair has been designed and in many cases alternative primer pairs exist. Primers have been designed to work under the same PCR conditions, thus facilitating high-throughput QPCR. All primers in PrimerBank were carefully designed to ensure gene specificity. All experimental validation data for mouse primers are available from PrimerBank. You can submit your primers. They will be added to the database once they are properly QCd.

Proper citation: PrimerBank (RRID:SCR_006898) Copy   

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/

Archive of aggregated information about sequence variation and its relationship to human health. Provides reports of relationships among human variations and phenotypes along with supporting evidence. Submissions from clinical testing labs, research labs, locus-specific databases, expert panels and professional societies are welcome. Collects reports of variants found in patient samples, assertions made regarding their clinical significance, information about submitter, and other supporting data. Alleles described in submissions are mapped to reference sequences, and reported according to HGVS standard.

Proper citation: ClinVar (RRID:SCR_006169) Copy   

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http://icy.bioimageanalysis.org/

An open community platform for bioimage informatics providing the software resources to visualize, annotate and quantify bioimaging data. To bridge the gap between developers and users, it combines: a) an open-source image analysis software, offering a powerful and flexible environment for developers such as applied mathematicians to write algorithms fast and efficiently; b) a common set of tools to view and manipulate data, and a set of plugins to perform specific quantification or analysis on images; c) a community-based website centralizing all plugins and resources to facilitate their management and maximize their visibility towards users. Workspaces are virtual groups of plugins dedicated to a specific application or image processing domain. By downloading a workspace, ICY automatically installs all corresponding plugins. The workspaces are enabled, but the editing section is not ready yet. If you want to publish a plugin on this website, its code has to be GPL. Source code is available and provided in each application download.

Proper citation: icy (RRID:SCR_010587) Copy   

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http://www.bioperl.org

BioPerl is a community effort to produce Perl code which is useful in biology. This toolkit of perl modules is useful in building bioinformatics solutions in Perl. It is built in an object-oriented manner so that many modules depend on each other to achieve a task. The collection of modules in the bioperl-live repository consist of the core of the functionality of bioperl. Additionally auxiliary modules for creating graphical interfaces (bioperl-gui), persistent storage in RDMBS (bioperl-db), running and parsing the results from hundreds of bioinformatics applications (Run package), software to automate bioinformatic analyses (bioperl-pipeline) are all available as Git modules in our repository. The BioPerl toolkit provides a library of hundreds of routines for processing sequence, annotation, alignment, and sequence analysis reports. It often serves as a bridge between different computational biology applications assisting the user to construct analysis pipelines. This chapter illustrates how BioPerl facilitates tasks such as writing scripts summarizing information from BLAST reports or extracting key annotation details from a GenBank sequence record. BioPerl includes modules written by Sohel Merchant of the GO Consortium for parsing and manipulating OBO ontologies. Platform: Windows compatible, Mac OS X compatible, Linux compatible, Unix compatible

Proper citation: BioPerl (RRID:SCR_002989) Copy   

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http://www.debian.org

Debian is Linux distribution composed of free and open source software, developed by community supported Debian Project, which was established by Ian Murdock on August 16, 1993.Debian comes with over 59000 packages (precompiled software that is bundled up in nice format for easy installation on your machine), package manager (APT), and other utilities that make it possible to manage thousands of packages on thousands of computers as easily as installing single application.

Proper citation: Debian (RRID:SCR_006638) Copy   

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http://www.germonline.org/

Cross-species microarray expression database focusing on high-throughput expression data relevant for germline development, meiosis and gametogenesis as well as the mitotic cell cycle. The database contains a unique combination of information: 1) High-throughput expression data obtained with whole-genome high-density oligonucleotide microarrays (GeneChips). 2) Sample annotation (mouse over the sample name and click on it) using the Multiomics Information Management and Annotation System (MIMAS 3.0). 3) In vivo protein-DNA binding data and protein-protein interaction data (available for selected species). 4) Genome annotation information from Ensembl version 50. 5) Orthologs are identified using data from Ensembl and OMA and linked to each other via a section in the report pages. The portal provides access to the Saccharomyces Genomics Viewer (SGV) which facilitates online interpretation of complex data from experiments with high-density oligonucleotide tiling microarrays that cover the entire yeast genome. The database displays only expression data obtained with high-density oligonucleotide microarrays (GeneChips)., THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on January 15,2026.

Proper citation: GermOnline (RRID:SCR_002807) Copy   

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http://phylomedb.bioinfo.cipf.es

Database for phylomes, that is, complete collections of phylogenetic trees for all proteins encoded in a given genome. It aims at providing a repository of high-quality phylogenies and alignments for proteins encoded in model species. To derive a phylome, each protein encoded in a given genome is used as a seed to retrieve its homologs in other complete genomes. These sequences are aligned and processed to derive reliable phylogenies using several phylogenetic methods. Besides providing the evolutionary history of the gene families, phylomeDB includes phylogeny based predictions of orthology and paralogy relationships., THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 16,2025.

Proper citation: PhylomeDB (RRID:SCR_007850) Copy   

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject

Database of biological data related to a single initiative, originating from a single organization or from a consortium. A BioProject record provides users a single place to find links to the diverse data types generated for that project. It is a searchable collection of complete and incomplete (in-progress) large-scale sequencing, assembly, annotation, and mapping projects for cellular organisms. Submissions are supported by a web-based Submission Portal. The database facilitates organization and classification of project data submitted to NCBI, EBI and DDBJ databases that captures descriptive information about research projects that result in high volume submissions to archival databases, ties together related data across multiple archives and serves as a central portal by which to inform users of data availability. BioProject records link to corresponding data stored in archival repositories. The BioProject resource is a redesigned, expanded, replacement of the NCBI Genome Project resource. The redesign adds tracking of several data elements including more precise information about a project''''s scope, material, and objectives. Genome Project identifiers are retained in the BioProject as the ID value for a record, and an Accession number has been added. Database content is exchanged with other members of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC). BioProject is accessible via FTP.

Proper citation: NCBI BioProject (RRID:SCR_004801) Copy   

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http://www.phosphosite.org

A freely accessible on-line systems biology resource devoted to all aspects of protein modification, as well as other post-translational modifications. It provides valuable and unique tools for both cell biologists and mass spectroscopists. PhosphoSite is a human- and mouse-centric database. It includes features such as: viewing the locations of modified residues on molecular models; browsing and searching MS2 records by disease, tissue, and cell line; submitting lists of peptides to identify previously reported genes; searching by sub-cellular localization, treatment, tissues, cell types, cell lines and diseases, and protein types and protein domains; searching for experimentally-verified kinase substrates and viewing preferred substrate motifs; and viewing MS2 spectra for peptides and sites not previously published.

Proper citation: PhosphoSitePlus: Protein Modification Site (RRID:SCR_001837) Copy   

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http://www.rightfield.org.uk/

An open-source tool for adding ontology term selection to Excel spreadsheets. It is used by a "Template Creator" to create semantically aware Excel spreadsheet templates. The Excel templates are then reused by Scientists to collect and annotate their data; without any need to understand, or even be aware of, RightField or the ontologies used. For each annotation field, RightField can specify a range of allowed terms from a chosen ontology (subclasses, individuals or combinations). The resulting spreadsheet presents these terms to the users as a simple drop-down list. This reduces the adoption barrier for using community ontologies as the annotation is made by the scientist that generated the data rather than a third party, and the annotation is collected at the time of data collection. RightField is a standalone Java application which uses Apache-POI for interacting with Microsoft documents. It enables users to import Excel spreadsheets, or generate new ones from scratch. Ontologies can either be imported from their local file systems, or from the BioPortal ontology repository. Individual cells, or whole columns or rows can be marked with the required ranges of ontology terms and an individual spreadsheet can be annotated with terms from multiple ontologies.

Proper citation: RightField (RRID:SCR_002649) Copy   

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http://nmr.cmbi.ru.nl/NRG-CING/HTML/index.html

NRG-CING presents a complete validation report for all 9,000+ wwPDB NMR entries including remediated experimental data such as chemical shifts from BMRB and restraints from NRG . These CING reports are compiled from internal analyses and those by CCPN, DSSP, PROCHECK-NMR/Aqua, ShiftX, Talos+, Vasco, Wattos, and WHAT_CHECK. The NRG-CING website is a collection of CING reports that has been pre-calculated for all PDB files solved by NMR. (See website for more information on CING.) In case the underlying experimental data is available, these have been cleaned up and made syntactically and semantically correct and homogeneous. For many macromolecular NMR ensembles from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) the experiment-based restraint lists used in the structure calculation are accessible, while other experimental data, mainly chemical shift values, are often available from the BioMagResBank. Assessment of the quality of the structural result is paramount to their usage and a combined, integrated repository of both input data and structural results greatly facilitates such an analysis. In addition, the accuracy and precision of the coordinates in these macromolecular NMR ensembles can be improved by recalculations using the available experimental data and present-day software with improved protocols and force fields. Such efforts, however, generally fail on over half of all deposited structures due to the syntactic and semantic heterogeneity of the data and the wide variety of formats used for their deposition. We have combined the cleaned-up restraints information from the NMR Restraints Grid (NRG) database with available chemical shifts from the BioMagResBank in the weekly updated NRG-CING database. Eleven programs, in addition to CING itself, have been included in the NRG-CING production pipeline to arrive at validation reports that list for each entry the potential inconsistencies between the coordinates and the available restraint and chemical shift data. The longitudinal validation of this data yielded a set of indicators that can be used to judge the quality of every macromolecular structure solved with NMR. The cleaned up NMR experimental datasets and the validation reports are freely available.

Proper citation: NRG-CING (RRID:SCR_006079) Copy   

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http://prorepeat.bioinformatics.nl/

ProRepeat is an integrated curated repository and analysis platform for in-depth research on the biological characteristics of amino acid tandem repeats. ProRepeat collects repeats from all proteins included in the UniProt knowledgebase, together with 85 completely sequenced eukaryotic proteomes contained within the RefSeq collection. It contains non-redundant perfect tandem repeats, approximate tandem repeats and simple, low-complexity sequences, covering the majority of the amino acid tandem repeat patterns found in proteins. The ProRepeat web interface allows querying the repeat database using repeat characteristics like repeat unit and length, number of repetitions of the repeat unit and position of the repeat in the protein. Users can also search for repeats by the characteristics of repeat containing proteins, such as entry ID, protein description, sequence length, gene name and taxon. ProRepeat offers powerful analysis tools for finding biological interesting properties of repeats, such as the strong position bias of leucine repeats in the N-terminus of eukaryotic protein sequences, the differences of repeat abundance among proteomes, the functional classification of repeat containing proteins and GC content constrains of repeats' corresponding codons.

Proper citation: ProRepeat (RRID:SCR_006113) Copy   

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http://europepmc.org/

Free access to biomedical literature resources including all of PubMed and PubMed Central, agricultural abstracts (from AGRICOLA), over 4 million international life science patents abstracts, National Health Service (NHS) clinical guidelines, and is supplemented with Chinese Biological Abstracts and the Citeseer database. As well as powerful search of abstracts and full text articles, it also includes: * article citations and sort order based on citation count * data citations mined from full text articles * links to and from related databases and institutional repositories * a tool to create bibliographies linked to your ORCID * named entity recognition of keywords and text-mining-based applications showcased in Europe PMC Labs * Tools for recipients of grants from one of the Europe PMC funders to deposit full-text manuscripts and link them to those specific grants. * Web services for programmatic access to all the above bibliographic information and 50,000 grants. * Search by publication date, relevance, or the number of times an article has been cited. * Links to public databases such as UniProt, Protein Data Bank (PDBe), and the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) are provided. * Through textmining technologies, you can highlight and browse keywords such as gene names, organisms and diseases. * Search 40,000 biomedical research grants awarded to the 18,000 PIs supported by the Europe PMC funders. * Roadtest new tools based on Europe PMC content in Europe PMC labs. * In Europe PMC plus, PIs supported by the Europe PMC funders can link grants to publication information, view article citation and download statistics, and submit manuscripts.

Proper citation: Europe PubMed Central (RRID:SCR_005901) Copy   

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http://www.yeastract.com

A curated repository of more than 206000 regulatory associations between transcription factors (TF) and target genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, based on more than 1300 bibliographic references. It also includes the description of 326 specific DNA binding sites shared among 113 characterized TFs. Further information about each Yeast gene has been extracted from the Saccharomyces Genome Database (SGD). For each gene the associated Gene Ontology (GO) terms and their hierarchy in GO was obtained from the GO consortium. Currently, YEASTRACT maintains a total of 7130 terms from GO. The nucleotide sequences of the promoter and coding regions for Yeast genes were obtained from Regulatory Sequence Analysis Tools (RSAT). All the information in YEASTRACT is updated regularly to match the latest data from SGD, GO consortium, RSA Tools and recent literature on yeast regulatory networks. YEASTRACT includes DISCOVERER, a set of tools that can be used to identify complex motifs found to be over-represented in the promoter regions of co-regulated genes. DISCOVERER is based on the MUSA algorithm. These algorithms take as input a list of genes and identify over-represented motifs, which can then be compared with transcription factor binding sites described in the YEASTRACT database.

Proper citation: Yeast Search for Transcriptional Regulators And Consensus Tracking (RRID:SCR_006076) Copy   

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http://hapmap.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented August 22, 2016. A multi-country collaboration among scientists and funding agencies to develop a public resource where genetic similarities and differences in human beings are identified and catalogued. Using this information, researchers will be able to find genes that affect health, disease, and individual responses to medications and environmental factors. All of the information generated by the Project will be released into the public domain. Their goal is to compare the genetic sequences of different individuals to identify chromosomal regions where genetic variants are shared. Public and private organizations in six countries are participating in the International HapMap Project. Data generated by the Project can be downloaded with minimal constraints. HapMap project related data, software, and documentation include: bulk data on genotypes, frequencies, LD data, phasing data, allocated SNPs, recombination rates and hotspots, SNP assays, Perlegen amplicons, raw data, inferred genotypes, and mitochondrial and chrY haplogroups; Generic Genome Browser software; protocols and information on assay design, genotyping and other protocols used in the project; and documentation of samples/individuals and the XML format used in the project.

Proper citation: International HapMap Project (RRID:SCR_002846) Copy   

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http://www.pathwaycommons.org/pc

Database of publicly available pathways from multiple organisms and multiple sources represented in a common language. Pathways include biochemical reactions, complex assembly, transport and catalysis events, and physical interactions involving proteins, DNA, RNA, small molecules and complexes. Pathways were downloaded directly from source databases. Each source pathway database has been created differently, some by manual extraction of pathway information from the literature and some by computational prediction. Pathway Commons provides a filtering mechanism to allow the user to view only chosen subsets of information, such as only the manually curated subset. The quality of Pathway Commons pathways is dependent on the quality of the pathways from source databases. Pathway Commons aims to collect and integrate all public pathway data available in standard formats. It currently contains data from nine databases with over 1,668 pathways, 442,182 interactions,414 organisms and will be continually expanded and updated. (April 2013)

Proper citation: Pathway Commons (RRID:SCR_002103) Copy   

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https://swissmodel.expasy.org/

Software tool as fully automated protein structure homology modeling server, accessible via ExPASy web server, or from program DeepView Swiss Pdb-Viewer. Structural bioinformatics web-server dedicated to homology modeling of 3D protein structures. Used to make protein modelling accessible to all biochemists and molecular biologists.

Proper citation: SWISS-MODEL (RRID:SCR_018123) Copy   

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http://www.geneontology.org/

Computable knowledge regarding functions of genes and gene products. GO resources include biomedical ontologies that cover molecular domains of all life forms as well as extensive compilations of gene product annotations to these ontologies that provide largely species-neutral, comprehensive statements about what gene products do. Used to standardize representation of gene and gene product attributes across species and databases.

Proper citation: Gene Ontology (RRID:SCR_002811) Copy   

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