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The UMD-BRCA1/BRCA2 databases have been set up in a joined national effort through the network of 16 diagnostic laboratories to provide up-to-date information about mutations of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes identified in patients with breast and/or ovarian cancer. These databases currently contain published and unpublished information about the BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations reported in French diagnostic laboratories. This database includes 28 references and 5530 mutations (1440 different mutations and 786 protein variants) The databases of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations were built using the Universal Mutation Database tool. For each mutation, information is provided at several levels: * at the gene level: exon and codon number, wild type and mutant codon, mutation event, mutation name and, * at the protein level: wild type and mutant amino acid, binding domain, affected domain. If you want to submit a mutation, please contact R. Lidereau., S. Caputo. or E. Rouleau.
Proper citation: UMD-BRCA1/ BRCA2 databases (RRID:SCR_006128) Copy
http://isaac.bioapps.biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de/isaac/modules/genome/species.xhtml
Web based tool to enable the analysis of sets of genes, transcripts and proteins under different biological viewpoints and to interactively modify these sets at any point of the analysis. Detailed history and snapshot information allows tracing each action. One can switch back to previous states and perform new analyses. Sets can be viewed in the context of genomes, protein functions, protein interactions, pathways, regulation, diseases and drugs. Additionally, users can switch between species with an automatic, orthology based translation of existing gene sets. Sets as well as results of analyses can be exchanged between members of groups.
Proper citation: InterSpecies Analysing Application using Containers (RRID:SCR_006243) Copy
http://ogeedb.embl.de/#summary
Online GEne Essentiality database containing genes that were tested experimentally for essentiality and their features; it also provides a set of tools to systematically explore and analyze these data. The main purpose of this project is to better understand gene essentiality by facilitating the comparisons of the differences and similarities between essential and non-essential genes. This is achieved by collecting not only experimentally tested essential and non-essential genes, but also associated gene features such as expression profiles, duplication status, conservation across species, evolutionary origins and involvement in embryonic development. We focus on large-scale experiments and complement our data with text-mining results. Genes are organized into data sets according to their sources. Genes with variable essentiality status across data sets are tagged as conditionally essential, highlighting the complex interplay between gene functions and environments. Linked tools allow the user to compare gene essentiality among different gene groups, or compare features of essential genes to non-essential genes, and visualize the results. Why is it different from existing databases? * we included both essential and non-essential genes so that we could better understand the gene essentiality by comparing the similarities and differences between the two gene sets; * we compiled a list of features for each gene, including whether they are duplicates or involved in development, the number of other homologous genes in the same genome, as well as their earliest expression stages during development. These features are keys to understand the essentiality of genes; * we also provide a set of tools to explore our data and visualize the results. For example, users can simply divide genes into two groups according to whether they are duplicates, calculate the proportion of essential genes (PE%) in each group and then visualize the results in a bar plot; or they can classify genes into multiple groups according to their earliest expression stages during evolution, compare the essentiality of genes that were expressed earlier with those were latter, and plot the results in a line chart.
Proper citation: OGEE - Online GEne Essentiality database (RRID:SCR_006080) Copy
http://db-mml.sjtu.edu.cn/ICEberg/
ICEberg is an integrated database that provides comprehensive information about integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) found in bacteria. ICEs are conjugative self-transmissible elements that can integrate into and excise from a host chromosome. An ICE contains three typical modules, integration and excision, conjugation, and regulation modules, that collectively promote vertical inheritance and periodic lateral gene flow. Many ICEs carry likely virulence determinants, antibiotic-resistant factors and/or genes coding for other beneficial traits. ICEberg offers a unique, highly organized, readily explorable archive of both predicted and experimentally supported ICE-relevant data. It currently contains details of 428 ICEs found in representatives of 124 bacterial species, and a collection of >400 directly related references. A broad range of similarity search, sequence alignment, genome context browser, phylogenetic and other functional analysis tools are readily accessible via ICEberg. ICEberg will facilitate efficient, multidisciplinary and innovative exploration of bacterial ICEs and be of particular interest to researchers in the broad fields of prokaryotic evolution, pathogenesis, biotechnology and metabolism. The ICEberg database will be maintained, updated and improved regularly to ensure its ongoing maximum utility to the research community.
Proper citation: ICEberg (RRID:SCR_006026) Copy
The CREATE consortium represents a core of major European and international mouse database holders and research groups involved in conditional mutagenesis, primarily to develop a strategy for the integration and dissemination of Cre driver strains for modelling aspects of complex human diseases in the mouse. Collectively the participants have amassed a significant number of these strains in their respective databases. Therefore one of the goals of CREATE is to provide a unified portal for worldwide access to these critical resources. The portal can either be searched through an advanced BioMart interface, by driver name, or by anatomical site of expression using Embryonic Mouse Anatomy Project (EMAP) and Mouse Anatomy (MA) ontology terms. Search results link back to the original source of the data for more detailed information and to IMSR to order mice if available. The ontology browser is particularly useful as it enables the CREATE consortium to identify cell and tissues that are not currently covered by existing lines. CREATE also aims to coordinate the production of suitable lines by the Cre generation projects described above. Through the CREATE portal, the CREATE consortium aims to develop a strategy for the production, integration and dissemination of new Cre driver strains for modelling aspects of complex human diseases in the mouse. CREATE is also developing a roadmap for harnessing emerging technologies and methods for improving Cre-mediated recombination in vivo through targeted, intensive workshops and discussion forums on the portal. This will entail review of construct design options for classical transgenic constructs (promoter/enhancer used, small size <2025 Kb) vs large transgenic constructs (BAC, P1, YAC etc.); methods used for Cre transgenic lines including random vs targeted integration, position independent expression loci, or replacement of endogenous coding sequences with Cre recombinase under the control of the endogenous locus. CREATE provides a platform for discussion of additional issues specific to inducible Cre strategies including background activity before induction, inducibility (kinetics), efficiency, and protocols used for induction of Cre recombinase activity. Additional components of the technology roadmap will be the cataloguing of other existing methodologies (rtTA, FLP, Dre) of mouse genome modification, sharing information on validated Cre mutant lines as well as identification and assessment of new methods of mutagenesis such as RNAi and other emerging technologies. Other discussion topics addressed through surveys on the CREATE portal include the characterization of Cre lines (specificity of expression/deletion; efficiency of expression/ deletion; reproducibility of deletion from animal to animal for the same floxed allele; reproducibility with different floxed alleles; timing of expression/deletion, etc.), the extent to which Cre expression changes upon backcrossing to specific genetic backgrounds through variegation and silencing; potential phenotypes caused by either integration- mediated mutagenesis or Cre ''toxicity''; and other factors affecting the specificity of Cre-mediated expression/deletion. CREATE regularly integrates common fields from the Cre-X, CreZOO and the MGI recombinase portal resources described below. The data in common consists of: * Transgene or Knock-in name. * MGI ID of allele. * Driver. * Anatomical site of expression. * Pubmed ID. * IMSR strain name and link. * Inducibility (YES/NO).
Proper citation: CREATE (RRID:SCR_006133) Copy
PhenomeNet is a cross-species phenotype similarity network. It contains the experimentally observed phenotypes of multiple species as well as the phenotypes of human diseases. PhenomeNet provides a measure of phenotypic similarity between the phenotypes it contains. The latest release (from 22 June 2012) contains 124,730 complex phenotype nodes taken from the yeast, fish, worm, fly, rat, slime mold and mouse model organism databases as well as human disease phenotypes from OMIM and OrphaNet. The network is a complete graph in which edge weights represent the degree of phenotypic similarity. Phenotypic similarity can be used to identify and prioritize candidate disease genes, find genes participating in the same pathway and orthologous genes between species. To compute phenotypic similarity between two sets of phenotypes, we use a weighted Jaccard index. First, phenotype ontologies are used to infer all the implications of a phenotype observation using several phenotype ontologies. As a second step, the information content of each phenotype is computed and used as a weight in the Jaccard index. Phenotypic similarity is useful in several ways. Phenotypic similarity between a phenotype resulting from a genetic mutation and a disease can be used to suggest candidate genes for a disease. Phenotypic similarity can also identify genes in a same pathway or orthologous genes. PhenomeNet uses the axioms in multiple species-dependent phenotype ontologies to infer equivalent and related phenotypes across species. For this purpose, phenotype ontologies and phenotype annotations are integrated in a single ontology, and automated reasoning is used to infer equivalences. Specifically, for every phenotype, PhenomeNet infers the related mammalian phenotype and uses the Mammalian Phenotype Ontology for computing phenotypic similarity. Tools: * PhenomeBLAST - A tool for cross-species alignments of phenotypes * PhenomeDrug - method for drug-repurposing
Proper citation: phenomeNET (RRID:SCR_006165) Copy
http://compbio.charite.de/phenexplorer/
The PhenExplorer allows you to browse the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) in different ways, using the tabs ''''by features'''', ''''by disease'''', ''''by ontology'''' or ''''by genes''''. Clicking on a particular phenotypic feature (HPO-term) you can get a list of disease entries that are linked to it (i.e. diseases that are annotated with this HPO-term). You can also visualize this term in the context of the ontological structure. Finally, a lists of genes can be displayed, that are known to cause (when mutated) the linked diseases mentioned above. For each disease you can get the list of linked HPO-terms and genes. You can also search for specific genes and explore to which HPO-terms and diseases they are linked.
Proper citation: Phenexplorer (RRID:SCR_006156) Copy
http://www.disgenet.org/ds/DisGeNET/files/GeneDiseaseAssociation.owl
Ontology that describes the different types of associations between a gene and a disease. It was developed to integrate information from different databases that contain gene-disease associations such as UniProt, CTD, Orphanet, the GWAS Catalog, GAD, MGD, RGD, and LHGDN.
Proper citation: Gene-Disease Association Type Ontology (RRID:SCR_006159) Copy
http://hereditaryhearingloss.org/
Overview of the genetics of hereditary hearing impairment for researchers and clinicians. The site lists data and references for all known gene localizations and identifications for nonsyndromic hearing impairment, and several for syndromic hearing loss. For syndromic hearing impairment, only a few of the most frequent forms are covered. An atlas of cochlea with genes listed can be accessed from this site.
Proper citation: Hereditary Hearing Loss Homepage (RRID:SCR_006469) Copy
http://bioinformatics.ubc.ca/ermineJ/
Data analysis software for gene sets in expression microarray data or other genome-wide data that results in rankings of genes. A typical goal is to determine whether particular biological pathways are doing something interesting in the data. The software is designed to be used by biologists with little or no informatics background. A command-line interface is available for users who wish to script the use of ermineJ. Major features include: * Implementation of multiple methods for gene set analysis: ** Over-representation analysis ** A resampling-based method that uses gene scores ** A rank-based method that uses gene scores ** A resampling-based method that uses correlation between gene expression profiles (a type of cluster-enrichment analysis). * Gene sets receive statistical scores (p-values), and multiple test correction is supported. * Support of the Gene Ontology terminology; users can choose which aspects to analyze. * User files use simple text formats. * Users can modify gene sets or create new ones. * The results can be visualized within the software. * It is simple to compare multiple analyses of the same data set with different settings. * User-definable hyperlinks are provided to external sites to allow more efficient browsing of the results. * For programmers, there is a command line interface as well as a simple application programming interface that can be used to plug ermineJ functionality into your own code Platform: Online tool, Windows compatible, Mac OS X compatible, Linux compatible, Unix compatible
Proper citation: ErmineJ (RRID:SCR_006450) Copy
http://intramural.nimh.nih.gov/gcap/index.htm
Schizophrenia related portal that aims to solve the mystery of genetic predisposition to psychosis, develop new methods for early diagnosis and prevention, and discover new treatments that will cure people suffering from it. Our objectives are to fully characterize: # neurobiological mechanisms related to susceptibility genes for schizophrenia and related clinical disorders; # genetic variation in aspects of cognition and emotionality associated with schizophrenia; and # small molecular targets for novel therapies. A unique feature of this Program is that its diverse scientific resources will be focused on a highly specific scientific agenda, that is to acquire the critical biological information about the susceptibility genes associated with schizophrenia and related illnesses. Our mission and goal, to understand the basic mechanisms of serious mental illness, has again guided us into new areas of research and to new insights. We have found evidence of new genes implicated in the cause of schizophrenia and involved in brain functions related to cognition and emotion and we have begun to explore how genes interact with each other and with the environment to individualize risk for these conditions. We are working now with over 20 genes related to schizophrenia. One of the key developments in our research over the past year has been the emergence of some targets for the development of novel therapeutics. We have discovered a new schizophrenia susceptibility gene, KCNH2, which represents the first clear target for the development of novel treatments. Just in this past year, for example, we published the first extensive statistical analysis of how schizophrenia genes may vary in their risk effects based on different genetic background (Nicodemus et al Hum Gen 2006), the first studies of schizophrenia genes interacting in effecting gene expression in brain (Lipska et al Hum Mol Genetics 2006a, Lipska et al Hum Mol Gen 2006 b); the first evidence that the mechanism of genetic association of NRG1 with schizophrenia involves a novel isoform of the gene in human brain (Law et al PNAS 2006), and the first evidence that MAOA may be linked to mood and impulse control because it effects critical mood regulatory neural networks (Meyer-Lindenberg et al PNAS 2006).
Proper citation: Genes Cognition and Psychosis Program (RRID:SCR_006292) Copy
http://colt.ccbr.utoronto.ca/cancer/
The COLT-Cancer database is a collection of shRNA dropout signatures profiles, covering ~16000 human genes, and derived from more than 70 Pancreatic, Ovarian and Breast human cancer cell-lines using the microarray detection platform developed in the COLT (CCBR-OICR Lentiviral Technology) facility at the Moffat Lab. All shRNA dropout profiles are freely available through download or queries via this website.
Proper citation: COLT-Cancer (RRID:SCR_006485) Copy
Public archive providing a comprehensive record of the world''''s nucleotide sequencing information, covering raw sequencing data, sequence assembly information and functional annotation. All submitted data, once public, will be exchanged with the NCBI and DDBJ as part of the INSDC data exchange agreement. The European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) captures and presents information relating to experimental workflows that are based around nucleotide sequencing. A typical workflow includes the isolation and preparation of material for sequencing, a run of a sequencing machine in which sequencing data are produced and a subsequent bioinformatic analysis pipeline. ENA records this information in a data model that covers input information (sample, experimental setup, machine configuration), output machine data (sequence traces, reads and quality scores) and interpreted information (assembly, mapping, functional annotation). Data arrive at ENA from a variety of sources including submissions of raw data, assembled sequences and annotation from small-scale sequencing efforts, data provision from the major European sequencing centers and routine and comprehensive exchange with their partners in the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC). Provision of nucleotide sequence data to ENA or its INSDC partners has become a central and mandatory step in the dissemination of research findings to the scientific community. ENA works with publishers of scientific literature and funding bodies to ensure compliance with these principles and to provide optimal submission systems and data access tools that work seamlessly with the published literature. ENA is made up of a number of distinct databases that includes the EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database (Embl-Bank), the newly established Sequence Read Archive (SRA) and the Trace Archive. The main tool for downloading ENA data is the ENA Browser, which is available through REST URLs for easy programmatic use. All ENA data are available through the ENA Browser. Note: EMBL Nucleotide Sequence Database (EMBL-Bank) is entirely included within this resource.
Proper citation: European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) (RRID:SCR_006515) Copy
A public database that enhances understanding of the effects of environmental chemicals on human health. Integrated GO data and a GO browser add functionality to CTD by allowing users to understand biological functions, processes and cellular locations that are the targets of chemical exposures. CTD includes curated data describing cross-species chemical–gene/protein interactions, chemical–disease and gene–disease associations to illuminate molecular mechanisms underlying variable susceptibility and environmentally influenced diseases. These data will also provide insights into complex chemical–gene and protein interaction networks.
Proper citation: Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD) (RRID:SCR_006530) Copy
http://davinci.crg.es/deafness/
Database and data set of known mutations in connexins related to deafness with associated information including published work and classification scheme. Users may submit new mutations. A large number of subjects are affected by hearing impairment. In developed countries deafness has an important genetic origin and at least 60% of the cases are inherited. The pattern of inheritance can be dominant, recessive, X-linked and mitochondrial. Many genes are involved in the different types of deafness (syndromic and non-syndromic). Non-syndromic hereditary deafness is mainly (80%) due to recessive genes (or mutations). It is believed that more than one hundred genes could be involved in hearing impairment. Several of these genes have been identified recently by positional cloning or positional candidate gene approaches. Despite the fact that more than 20 loci have been described for non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness (DFNB), a single locus, DFNB1, accounts for a high proportion of the cases, with variability depending on the population. The gene involved in this type of deafness is GJB2, which encodes the gap junction protein connexin 26(Cx26). NEW Recent data indicates that DFNB1 can also be due to a deletion of 342Kb involving GJB6, a gene that is very close to GJB2. This deletion has been reported to cause deafness both in the homozygous status and in heterozygosity with a GJB2 point mutation in trans (see big deletions affecting connexin genes...). Connexins are transmembrane proteins that form channels allowing rapid transport of ions or small molecules between cells. There are two types of connexins, alpha and beta, named GJA or GJB followed by a number. Connexins are expressed in many different tissues. Other connexin genes are also involved in deafness. These are GJB1 (Cx32), which is also responsible for X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type I; GJB3 (Cx31), involved in both deafness or a skin disease, erythrokeratodermia variabilis, depending on the location of the mutation; GJB6 (Cx30), which has been related to a dominant type of deafness in an Italian family and NEW GJA1 (Cx43), which has recently been shown to be involved in recessive deafness.
Proper citation: Connexin-deafness (RRID:SCR_006531) Copy
http://mga.bionet.nsc.ru/soft/maia-1.0/
Software package of programs for complex segregation analysis in animal pedigrees.
Proper citation: MAIA (RRID:SCR_007153) Copy
This project encompasses development of novel biological network analysis methods and infrastructure for querying biological data in a semantically-enabled format, and aims to create a semantic interactome model. Research within the BioMANTA project will focus on computational modelling and analysis, primarily using Semantic Web technologies and Machine Learning methods, of large-scale protein-protein interaction and compound activity networks across a wide variety of species. A range of information such as kinetic activity, tissue expression, and subcellular localization and disease state attributes will be included in the resulting data model. Protein interactions are a fundamental component of biological processes. Many proteins are functional only in multimeric complexes, or require interaction partners to achieve their correct localisation or function. For this reason, the study of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks has become an area of growing interest in computational biology. Through the use of Semantic Web technologies such as Resource Description Framework (RDF) and Web Ontology Language (OWL), interaction data is modelled to create a knowledge representation in which meaning is vested in the ontology rather than instances of data. Stochastic and computational intelligence methods are applied to this data to infer high coverage networks. Semantic inferencing is used to infer previously unknown and meaningful pathways. Major project components: - The BioMANTA Ontology:- An OWL DL ontology incorporating the PSI-MI Ontology, the NCBI Taxonomy, and elements of BioPax ontology and Gene Ontology (describing subcellular localisation). This allows us to re-use existing ontologies, thereby reducing overheads associated with knowledge acquisition in the ontology development process. We are able to integrate existing public data that contain annotation in these formats. - Data conversion & semantic protein integration:- A set of software components that convert protein-protein databases (DIP, MPact, IntAct, etc.) from PSI-MI XML to RDF compliant with the BioMANTA ontology. These software allow us to make these protein-protein interaction datasets (and more generally, any PSI-MI XML data) semantically available for querying and inference within BioMANTA. - A RDF triple store based on RDF Molecules and the MapReduce architecture:- A proof-of-concept RDF triple store using RDF molecules and Hadoop scale-out architectures. Regular RDF graphs are deconstructed into RDF molecules, which are distributed over distributed compute nodes in the MapReduce architecture, and are subsequently combined to form equivalent RDF graphs. Such an approach makes the distributed SPARQL querying and reasoning on RDF triple stores possible. - A quantitative framework to integrate networks extracted from independent data sources (gene expression, subcellular localization, and ortholog mapping):- The model is multi-layer, with a first layer based on Decision Trees where each Decision tree is built on each dataset independently. The tree nodes are cut using Shannon''s entropy (mutual information); the decision of these independent trees is integrated using logistic regression, and the parameters are optimised using maximum likelihood. Sponsors: This resource is supported by the Pfizer Global Research and Development, the Institute for Molecular Bioscience (IMB), and the University of Queensland, Australia.
Proper citation: BioMANTA (RRID:SCR_007177) Copy
The HumanCyc database describes human metabolic pathways and the human genome. By presenting metabolic pathways as an organizing framework for the human genome, HumanCyc provides the user with an extended dimension for functional analysis of Homo sapiens at the genomic level. A computational pathway analysis of the human genome assigned human enzymes to predicted metabolic pathways. Pathway assignments place genes in their larger biological context, and are a necessary step toward quantitative modeling of metabolism. HumanCyc contains the complete genome sequence of Homo sapiens, as presented in Build 31. Data on the human genome from Ensembl, LocusLink and GenBank were carefully merged to create a minimally redundant human gene set to serve as an input to SRI''s PathoLogic software, which generated the database and predicted Homo sapiens metabolic pathways from functional information contained in the genome''s annotation. SRI did not re-annotate the genome, but worked with the gene function assignments in Ensembl, LocusLink, and GenBank. The resulting pathway/genome database (PGDB) includes information on 28,783 genes, their products and the metabolic reactions and pathways they catalyze. Also included are many links to other databases and publications. The Pathway Tools software/database bundle includes HumanCyc and the Pathway Tools software suite and is available under license. This form of HumanCyc is faster and more powerful than the Web version.
Proper citation: HumanCyc: Encyclopedia of Homo sapiens Genes and Metabolism (RRID:SCR_007050) Copy
Database of microRNA target predictions and expression profiles. Target predictions are based on a development of the miRanda algorithm which incorporates current biological knowledge on target rules and on the use of an up-to-date compendium of mammalian microRNAs. MicroRNA expression profiles are derived from a comprehensive sequencing project of a large set of mammalian tissues and cell lines of normal and disease origin. This website enables users to explore: * The set of genes that are potentially regulated by a particular microRNA. * The implied cooperativity of multiple microRNAs on a particular mRNA. * MicroRNA expression profiles in various mammalian tissues. The web resource provides users with functional information about the growing number of microRNAs and their interaction with target genes in many species and facilitates novel discoveries in microRNA gene regulation. The microRNA Target Detection Software, miRanda, is an algorithm for finding genomic targets for microRNAs. This algorithm has been written in C and is available as an open-source method under the GPL., THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 16,2025.
Proper citation: microRNA.org (RRID:SCR_006997) Copy
http://goblet.molgen.mpg.de/cgi-bin/goblet2008/goblet.cgi
Tool that performs annotation based on GO and pathway terms for anonymous cDNA or protein sequences. It uses the species independent GO structure and vocabulary together with a series of protein databases collected from various sites, to perform a detailed GO annotation by sequence similarity searches. The sensitivity and the reference protein sets can be selected by the user. GOblet runs automatically and is available as a public service on our web server. GOblet expects query sequences to be in FASTA-Format (with header-lines). Protein and nucleotide sequences are accepted. Total size of all sequences submitted per request should not be larger than 50kb currently. For security reasons: Larger post's will be rejected. Due to limited capacities the queries may be processed in batches depending on the server load. The output of the BLAST job is filtered automatically and the relevant hits are displayed. In addition, the respective GO-terms are shown together with the complete GO-hierarchy of parent terms., THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 16,2025.
Proper citation: GOblet (RRID:SCR_006998) Copy
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