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http://brainml.org/goto.do?page=.home
Set of standards and practices for using XML to facilitate information exchange between user application software and neuroscience data repositories. It allows for common shared library routines to handle most of the data processing, but also supports use of structures specialized to the needs of particular neuroscience communities. This site also serves as a repository for BrainML models. (A BrainML model is an XML Schema and optional vocabulary files describing a data model for electronic representation of neuroscience data, including data types, formats, and controlled vocabulary. ) It focuses on layered definitions built over a common core in order to support community-driven extension. One such extension is provided by the new NIH-supported neuroinformatics initiative of the Society for Neuroscience, which supports the development of expert-derived terminology sets for several areas of neuroscience. Under a cooperative agreement, these term lists will be made available Open Source on this site.
The repository function of this site includes the following features:
* BrainML models are published in searchable, browsable form.
* Registered users may submit new models or new versions of existing models to accommodate data of interest. * BrainML model schema and vocabulary files are made available at fixed URLs to allow software applications to reference them.
* Users can check models and/or instance documents for correct format before submitting them using an online validation service.
To complement the BrainML modeling language, a set of protocols have been developed for BrainML document exchange between repositories and clients, for indexing of repositories, and for data query.
Proper citation: BrainML (RRID:SCR_007087) Copy
http://krasnow1.gmu.edu/cn3/index3.html
Multidisciplinary research team devoted to the study of basic neuroscience with a specific interest in the description and generation of dendritic morphology, and in its effect on neuronal electrophysiology. In the long term, they seek to create large-scale, anatomically plausible neural networks to model entire portions of a mammalian brain (such as a hippocampal slice, or a cortical column). Achievements by the CNG include the development of software for the quantitative analysis of dendritic morphology, the implementation of computational models to simulate neuronal structure, and the synthesis of anatomically accurate, large scale neuronal assemblies in virtual reality. Based on biologically plausible rules and biophysical determinants, they have designed stochastic models that can generate realistic virtual neurons. Quantitative morphological analysis indicates that virtual neurons are statistically compatible with the real data that the model parameters are measured from. Virtual neurons can be generated within an appropriate anatomical context if a system level description of the surrounding tissue is included in the model. In order to simulate anatomically realistic neural networks, axons must be grown as well as dendrites. They have developed a navigation strategy for virtual axons in a voxel substrate.
Proper citation: Computational Neuroanatomy Group (RRID:SCR_007150) Copy
http://senselab.med.yale.edu/modeldb/
Curated database of published models so that they can be openly accessed, downloaded, and tested to support computational neuroscience. Provides accessible location for storing and efficiently retrieving computational neuroscience models.Coupled with NeuronDB. Models can be coded in any language for any environment. Model code can be viewed before downloading and browsers can be set to auto-launch the models. The model source code has to be available from publicly accessible online repository or WWW site. Original source code is used to generate simulation results from which authors derived their published insights and conclusions.
Proper citation: ModelDB (RRID:SCR_007271) Copy
Collects, stores, and distributes samples of nervous tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, blood, and other tissue from HIV-infected individuals. The NNTC mission is to bolster research on the effects of HIV infection on human brain by providing high-quality, well-characterized tissue samples from patients who died with HIV, and for whom comprehensive neuromedical and neuropsychiatric data were gathered antemortem. Researchers can request tissues from patients who have been characterized by: * degree of neurobehavioral impairment * neurological and other clinical diagnoses * history of drug use * antiretroviral treatments * blood and CSF viral load * neuropathological diagnosis The NNTC encourages external researchers to submit tissue requests for ancillary studies. The Specimen Query Tool is a web-based utility that allows researchers to quickly sort and identify appropriate NNTC specimens to support their research projects. The results generated by the tool reflect the inventory at a previous time. Actual availability at the local repositories may vary as specimens are added or distributed to other investigators.
Proper citation: National NeuroAIDS Tissue Consortium (RRID:SCR_007323) Copy
http://www.broad.mit.edu/node/305
The Connectivity Map aims to generate a detailed map that links gene patterns associated with disease to corresponding patterns produced by drug candidates and a variety of genetic manipulations. The Connectivity Map is the most comprehensive effort yet for using genomics in a drug-discovery framework. It allows researchers to screen compounds against genome-wide disease signatures, rather than a pre-selected set of target genes. Drugs are paired with diseases using sophisticated pattern-matching methods with a high level of resolution and specificity. To build a Connectivity Map, the Broad Institute brings together molecular biologists, genomics specialists, computational scientists, pharmacologists, chemists and chemical biologists, as well as expertise from across the breadth and depth of medicine.Connectivity map is a large public database of signatures of drugs and genes, and pattern-matching tools to detect similarities among these signatures.The parent site for the Broad Institute at MIT has a software library of software applications developed for use in genetic analysis.
Proper citation: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Human Genetics Initiative (RRID:SCR_007436) Copy
Trans-NIH project to assess the state of longitudinal and epidemiological research on demographic, social and biologic determinants of cognitive and emotional health in aging adults and the pathways by which cognitive and emotional health may reciprocally influence each other. A database of large scale longitudinal study relevant to healthy aging in 4 domains was created based on responses of investigators conducting these studies and is available for query. The four domains are: * Cognitive Health * Emotional Health * Demographic and Social Factors * Biomedical and Physiologic Factors
Proper citation: Cognitive and Emotional Health Project: The Healthy Brain (RRID:SCR_007390) Copy
http://senselab.med.yale.edu/ordb/
Database of vertebrate olfactory receptors genes and proteins. It supports sequencing and analysis of these receptors by providing a comprehensive archive with search tools for this expanding family. The database also incorporates a broad range of chemosensory genes and proteins, including the taste papilla receptors (TPRs), vomeronasal organ receptors (VNRs), insect olfaction receptors (IORs), Caenorhabditis elegans chemosensory receptors (CeCRs), and fungal pheromone receptors (FPRs). ORDB currently houses chemosensory receptors for more than 50 organisms. ORDB contains public and private sections which provide tools for investigators to analyze the functions of these very large gene families of G protein-coupled receptors. It also provides links to a local cluster of databases of related information in SenseLab, and to other relevant databases worldwide. The database aims to house all of the known olfactory receptor and chemoreceptor sequences in both nucleotide and amino acid form and serves four main purposes: * It is a repository of olfactory receptor sequences. * It provides tools for sequence analysis. * It supports similarity searches (screens) which reduces duplicate work. * It provides links to other types of receptor information, e.g. 3D models. The database is accessible to two classes of users: * General public www users have full access to all the public sequences, models and resources in the database. * Source laboratories are the laboratories that clone olfactory receptors and submit sequences in the private or public database. They can search any sequence they deposited to the database against any private or public sequence in the database. This user level is suited for laboratories that are actively cloning olfactory receptors.
Proper citation: Olfactory Receptor DataBase (RRID:SCR_007830) Copy
THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on February 07, 2013. A framework for understanding human cognition, grounded in principles specifying the character of human cognitive processes, and constrained by properties, of the underlying neural mechanisms. The Center will exploit this framework to guide formulation of explicit, testable models of normal and disordered cognition, including models of the development of cognitive functions and of their disintegration as a result of brain damage or disease. This site is intended as a public service and as a focal point for exchange of ideas among the participants in the Interdisciplinary Behavioral Science Center (IBSC). Public areas of the site provide information about the Center as a whole and about the various projects in the Center, as well as web-accessible documents and tools that we are making available as a public service. A fundamental tenet is that cognition is an emergent phenomenon, arising from the interactions of cooperating processing elements organized into specialized populations. One aim of the center will be to investigate the utility of explicit models that are formulated in terms of this approach, addressing many aspects of cognition including semantic knowledge, language processing, cognitive control, perception, learning and memory. A second aim will also investigate the principles that are embodied in the models, including principles of learning, processing and representation. Learning will be a central focus, since it plays a crucial role in cognitive development, acquisition of skills, formation of memories, and remediation of cognitive functions. A third aim of the Center will be to incorporate constraints from neuroscience. Findings from neuroscience will guide the specification of the principles and the formulation of domain-specific details of particular models, and will provide target experimental observations against which to assess the adequacy of the models. In addition, the Center will make use of neurophysiological methods in animals and functional brain imaging in humans to test predictions and generate additional data needed to constrain and inform model development. The Center will provide training funds for interdisciplinary research fellowships, to train junior scientists in the convergent use of behavioral, computational, and neuroscience methodologies. The outcome of the Centers efforts will be a fuller characterization of the nature of human cognitive processes, a clearer formulation of the underlying principles, and a more complete understanding of normal and disordered functions across many domains of cognition. This Center includes eight projects dedicated to various aspects of cognition and various general issues that arise in the effort to build explicit models that capture different aspects of cognition, and also includes an administrative core to help foster integration and provide computing resources. * Project 1: Functional and Neural Organization of Semantic Memory * Project 2: Interactive Processes in Language: Lexical Processing * Project 3: Interactive Processes in Language: Sentence Processing * Project 4: Mechanisms of Cognitive Control * Project 5: Interactive Processes in Perception: Neurophysiology of Figure-Ground Organization * Project 6: Basic Mechanisms and Cooperating Systems in Learning Memory * Project 7: Age and Experience Dependent Processes in Learning * Project 8: Theoretical Foundations * Core: Integration, Computational Resources, and Administration
Proper citation: NIMH Interdisciplinary Behavioral Science Center (RRID:SCR_008085) Copy
Atlas of developing human brain for studying transcriptional mechanisms involved in human brain development. Consists of RNA sequencing and exon microarray data profiling up to sixteen cortical and subcortical structures across full course of human brain development, high resolution neuroanatomical transcriptional profiles of about 300 distinct structures spanning entire brain for four midgestional prenatal specimens, in situ hybridization image data covering selected genes and brain regions in developing and adult human brain, reference atlas in full color with high resolution anatomic reference atlases of prenatal (two stages) and adult human brain along with supporting histology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) data.
Proper citation: Allen Human Brain Atlas: BrainSpan (Atlas of the Developing Brain) (RRID:SCR_008083) Copy
http://fsl.fmrib.ox.ac.uk/fsl/fslwiki/Atlases
Probabilistic atlases covering 48 cortical and 21 subcortical structural areas, derived from structural data and segmentations kindly provided by the Harvard Center for Morphometric Analysis. T1-weighted images of 21 healthy male and 16 healthy female subjects (ages 18-50) were individually segmented by the CMA using semi-automated tools developed in-house. The T1-weighted images were affine-registered to MNI152 space using FLIRT (FSL), and the transforms then applied to the individual labels. Finally, these were combined across subjects to form population probability maps for each label. Segmentations used to create these atlases were provided by: David Kennedy and Christian Haselgrove, Centre for Morphometric Analysis, Harvard; Bruce Fischl, the Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH; Janis Breeze and Jean Frazier from the Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Research Program, Cambridge Health Alliance; Larry Seidman and Jill Goldstein from the Department of Psychiatry of Harvard Medical School.
Proper citation: Harvard - Oxford Cortical Structural Atlas (RRID:SCR_001476) Copy
Interactive digital atlas and movies comprising 3-D reconstructions at all stages of human development from Carnegie Stage 12 (CS12; ~26 days post conception (dpc)) to CS23 (~ 56 dpc) and anatomical annotations of the 3-D models linked to an anatomical database. The 3D models are generated using Optical Projection Tomography (OPT; Sharpe et al 2002). The digital atlas is also linked to a gene expression database that has been developed from the Edinburgh Mouse Atlas Project gene expression database (EMAGE). In the future, the HUDSEN EADHB aims to provide the wider scientific and medical communities with a dynamic tool for documenting and analyzing gene expression patterns and morphological changes in the developing human brain.
Proper citation: HUDSEN Electronic Atlas of the Developing Human Brain (RRID:SCR_002056) Copy
http://www.nitrc.org/projects/frats/
Software for the analysis of multiple diffusion properties along fiber bundle as functions in an infinite dimensional space and their association with a set of covariates of interest, such as age, diagnostic status and gender, in real applications. The resulting analysis pipeline can be used for understanding normal brain development, the neural bases of neuropsychiatric disorders, and the joint effects of environmental and genetic factors on white matter fiber bundles.
Proper citation: Functional Regression Analysis of DTI Tract Statistics (RRID:SCR_002293) Copy
http://www.nitrc.org/projects/rmdtitemplate/
A population-specific DTI template for young adolescent Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) monkeys using 271 high-quality scans. Using such a large number of animals in generating a template allows it to account for variability in the species. Their DTI template is based on the largest number of animals ever used in generating a computational brain template. It is anticipated that their DTI template will help facilitate voxel-based and tract specific WM analyses in non-human primate species, which in turn may increase our understanding of brain function, development, and evolution.
Proper citation: DTI-TEMPLATE-RHESUS-MACAQUES (RRID:SCR_002482) Copy
http://sccn.ucsd.edu/fmrlab/index.html
A Matlab toolbox for fMRI data analysis using Independent Component Analysis (ICA). It provides an integrated environment to manage, process and analyze fMRI data in a single framework so that users can complete the analysis without switching between software. In addition, it provides an interactive Matlab graphic user interface (GUI). All the necessary processes to apply ICA to fMRI data and review its results can be run from the graphic interface. The FMRLAB processing flow is straightforward. Custom analyses can be performed with Matlab scripts using the FMRLAB functions and data structure. Since fMRI data analysis is a complex enterprise, including digital image processing, statistical analysis and data visualization, an integrated framework combining processing elements is desired eagerly by users in the neuroimaging community. Recently, large number of software tools for data analysis and visualization have been developed for this purpose. However, most of these tools use model-based statistical methods which assume that the users know the hemodynamic response (HR) for their paradigm in advance and can specify a reasonable HR model. Often, however, accurate or reasonable response HR models are unavailable. An alternative data-driven method, infomax ICA (McKeown et al., 1998), does not require that an a priori HR model, instead deriving HRs of spatially independent components of the entire data set from the higher-order statistics of the data themselves. FMRLAB is a toolbox running under Matlab containing necessary components for data-driven fMRI data analysis using the highly reliable infomax ICA algorithm (Bell & Sejnowski, 1995), normalized (Amari, 1999), extended (Lee, Girolami and Sejnowski, 1999) and automated by Makeig et al. FMRLAB has been developed under Matlab 6.1 running on Red Hat Linux. FMRLAB Features * Graphic user interface * Flexible data importing * Interactive data plotting * Computationally efficient * Defined FMRI data structure * Independent component browser * Smooth, transparent component exporting and spatial normalization process * Interface with other software for further analysis or visualization. * SPM-style component plots (MIP, 2-D slice overlay and 3-D)
Proper citation: FMRLAB (RRID:SCR_005164) Copy
Platform for large-scale, automated synthesis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data extracted from published articles. It''s a website wrapped around a set of open-source Python and JavaScript packages. Neurosynth lets you run crude but useful analyses of fMRI data on a very large scale. You can: * Interactively visualize the results of over 3,000 term-based meta-analyses * Select specific locations in the human brain and view associated terms * Browse through the nearly 10,000 studies in the database Their ultimate goal is to enable dynamic real-time analysis, so that you''ll be able to select foci, tables, or entire studies for analysis and run a full-blown meta-analysis without leaving your browser. You''ll also be able to do things like upload entirely new images and obtain probabilistic estimates of the cognitive states most likely to be associated with the image.
Proper citation: NeuroSynth (RRID:SCR_006798) Copy
THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on July 7th, 2019. BAMS is an online resource for information about neural circuitry. The BAMS Nested Regions view focuses on the major brain regions and their relationships.
Proper citation: BAMS Nested Regions (RRID:SCR_000238) Copy
A database of neuroscience-related concepts that utilizes visualization tools for the purpose of research, education and knowledge discovery. The data comes from PubMed abstracts and an algorithm that assumes related terms will appear together. The topics can include computational modeling, behavioral functions and neurological degeneration.
Proper citation: brainSCANr (RRID:SCR_000500) Copy
http://gbrowse.csbio.unc.edu/cgi-bin/gb2/gbrowse/slep/
THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 23,2022. Database of genetic and gene expression data from the published literature on psychiatric disorders. Users can search the accumulated data to find the evidence in support of the involvement of a particular genomic region with a set of important psychiatric disorders, ADHD, autism, bipolar disorder, eating disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and smoking behavior. It contains findings from manual reviews of 144 papers in psychiatric genetics, 136 primary reports and 8 meta-analyses. Disorders covered include schizophrenia (44 papers), autism (24 papers), bipolar disorder (24 papers), smoking behavior (24 papers), major depressive disorder and neuroticism (14 papers), ADHD (8 papers), eating disorders (3 papers), and a combined schizophrenia-bipolar phenotype (3 papers). The unbiased searches integrated into SLEP include genomewide linkage (117 papers), genomewide association (15 papers), copy number variation (9 papers), and gene expression studies of post-mortem brain tissue (3 meta-analyses courtesy of the Stanley Foundation). In total, SLEP captures 3,741 findings from these 144 papers. SLEP also contains over 70,000 SignPosts. These annotations derive from many different sources and are designed to try to capture current state of knowledge about disease associations in the human genome. SignPosts can be searched simultaneously with the psychiatric genetics literature in order to integrate these two bodies of knowledge. The SignPosts include: accumulated GWAS findings from the human genetics literature, the OMIM database, candidate gene association study literature, CNV location and frequency data, SNPs that influence gene expression in brain, genes expressed in brain, genes with evidence of imprinting and random monoalleleic expression, genes mutated in breast or colorectal cancer, and pathway data from BioCyc.
Proper citation: Sullivan Lab Evidence Project (RRID:SCR_000753) Copy
A database of digital reconstructions of the human brain arterial arborizations from 61 healthy adult subjects along with extracted morphological measurements. The arterial arborizations include the six major trees stemming from the circle of Willis, namely: the left and right Anterior Cerebral Arteries (ACAs), Middle Cerebral Arteries (MCAs), and Posterior Cerebral Arteries (PCAs).
Proper citation: BraVa (RRID:SCR_001407) Copy
http://mus.well.ox.ac.uk/gscandb/
THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 23,2022. Database / display tool of genome scans, with a web interface that lets the user view the data. It does not perform any analyses - these must be done by other software, and the results uploaded into it. The basic features of GSCANDB are: * Parallel viewing of scans for multiple phenotypes. * Parallel analyses of the same scan data. * Genome-wide views of genome scans * Chromosomal region views, with zooming * Gene and SNP Annotation is shown at high zoom levels * Haplotype block structure viewing * The positions of known Trait Loci can be overlayed and queried. * Links to Ensembl, MGI, NCBI, UCSC and other genome data browsers. In GSCANDB, a genome scan has a wide definition, including not only the usual statistical genetic measures of association between genetic variation at a series of loci and variation in a phenotype, but any quantitative measure that varies along the genome. This includes for example competitive genome hybridization data and some kinds of gene expression measurements.
Proper citation: WTCHG Genome Scan Viewer (RRID:SCR_001635) Copy
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