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Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are currently the leading candidates for virus-based gene therapies because of their broad tissue tropism, non-pathogenic nature and low immunogenicity. They have been successfully used in clinical trials to treat hereditary diseases such as haemophilia B (ref. 2), and have been approved for treatment of lipoprotein lipase deficiency in Europe. Considerable efforts have been made to engineer AAV variants with novel and biomedically valuable cell tropisms to allow efficacious systemic administration, yet basic aspects of AAV cellular entry are still poorly understood. In particular, the protein receptor(s) required for AAV entry after cell attachment remains unknown. Here we use an unbiased genetic screen to identify proteins essential for AAV serotype 2 (AAV2) infection in a haploid human cell line. The most significantly enriched gene of the screen encodes a previously uncharacterized type I transmembrane protein, KIAA0319L (denoted hereafter as AAV receptor (AAVR)). We characterize AAVR as a protein capable of rapid endocytosis from the plasma membrane and trafficking to the trans-Golgi network. We show that AAVR directly binds to AAV2 particles, and that anti-AAVR antibodies efficiently block AAV2 infection. Moreover, genetic ablation of AAVR renders a wide range of mammalian cell types highly resistant to AAV2 infection. Notably, AAVR serves as a critical host factor for all tested AAV serotypes. The importance of AAVR for in vivo gene delivery is further highlighted by the robust resistance of Aavr(-/-) (also known as Au040320(-/-) and Kiaa0319l(-/-)) mice to AAV infection. Collectively, our data indicate that AAVR is a universal receptor involved in AAV infection.
Pubmed ID: 26814968
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Commercial antibody vendor which supplies antibodies and other products to life science researchers.
View all literature mentionsA division of Applied Biosystems selling products for the isolation, detection, quantification, amplification, and characterization of RNA.
View all literature mentionsSoftware for single-cell flow cytometry analysis. Its functions include management, display, manipulation, analysis and publication of the data stream produced by flow and mass cytometers.
View all literature mentionsStatistical analysis and scientific graphing software for Windows OS.
View all literature mentionsCommercial organism provider selling mice, rats and other model animals. American corporation specializing in a variety of pre-clinical and clinical laboratory services for the pharmaceutical, medical device and biotechnology industries. It also supplies assorted biomedical products and research and development outsourcing services for use in the pharmaceutical industry. (Wikipedia)
View all literature mentionsBiotechnology company in San Diego, California. Provides life scientists with innovative research reagents including immunity and cell culture products.
View all literature mentionsCell line HeLa is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens
View all literature mentionsCell line K-562 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line HEK293 is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line A-549 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line U2OS is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line Caco-2 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line HAP1 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line HT-29 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name FVB/NCrl from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsCell line NIH 3T3 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus
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