Searching the RRID Resource Information Network
Are you sure you want to leave this community? Leaving the community will revoke any permissions you have been granted in this community.
SciCrunch Registry is a curated repository of scientific resources, with a focus on biomedical resources, including tools, databases, and core facilities - visit SciCrunch to register your resource.
| Resource Name | Proper Citation | Abbreviations | Resource Type |
Description |
Keywords | Resource Relationships | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Pavian Resource Report Resource Website 10+ mentions |
Pavian (RRID:SCR_016679) | production service resource, data analysis service, web application, analysis service resource, service resource, software resource | Software R package for interactive analysis of metagenomics classification results with a special focus on infectious disease diagnosis. Used for analyzing and visualization of metagenomics classification results from classifiers such as Kraken, Centrifuge and MetaPhlAn. Provides an alignment viewer for validation of matches to a particular genome. | interactive, analysis, metagenomics, classification, result, infectious, disease, diagnosis, data, visualization, bio.tools |
is listed by: Debian is listed by: bio.tools is related to: Centrifuge Classifier |
NHGRI R01 HG006677; NIGMS R01 GM083873; U. S. Army Research Office W911NF1410490 |
DOI:10.1101/084715 | Free, Freely available | biotools:pavian | https://fbreitwieser.shinyapps.io/pavian/, https://bio.tools/pavian | SCR_016679 | 2026-08-03 09:36:33 | 22 | ||||||
|
XYalign Resource Report Resource Website 1+ mentions |
XYalign (RRID:SCR_016661) | sequence analysis software, software application, data processing software, data analysis software, software resource | Software tool for identifying, understanding, and correcting technical biases on the sex chromosomes in next generation sequencing data. | correct, technical, bias, sex, chromosome, next, generation, sequencing, data | is listed by: OMICtools | NIGMS R35 GM124827 | DOI:10.1101/346940 | Free, Available for download, Freely available | SCR_016661 | 2026-08-03 09:36:25 | 1 | ||||||||
|
Centrifuge Classifier Resource Report Resource Website 1+ mentions |
Centrifuge Classifier (RRID:SCR_016665) | sequence analysis software, software application, data processing software, data analysis software, software resource | Software for rapid and sensitive classification of metagenomic sequences. Used for the classification of DNA sequences from microbial samples and analysis of large metagenomics data sets on conventional desktop computers. | classification, large, metagenomic, sequence, DNA, microbial, sample, analysis, data, desktop, computer, bio.tools |
is listed by: bio.tools is listed by: Debian is listed by: OMICtools is related to: Pavian has parent organization: Center for Computational Biology at JHU |
U. S. Army Research Office W911NF1410490; NSF ABI1356078; NHGRI R01 HG006677; NIGMS R01 GM083873 |
DOI:10.1101/gr.210641.116 | Free, Available for download, Freely available | biotools:centrifuge, OMICS_12217 | https://github.com/infphilo/centrifuge, https://bio.tools/centrifuge, https://sources.debian.org/src/centrifuge/ | SCR_016665 | 2026-08-03 09:36:55 | 9 | ||||||
|
National Biomedical Center for Advanced ESR Technology Resource Report Resource Website 1+ mentions |
National Biomedical Center for Advanced ESR Technology (RRID:SCR_001444) | ACERT | training resource, biomedical technology research center | Biomedical technology research center that develops methods, both experimental and theoretical, of modern electron spin resonance (ESR) for biomedical applications. Center technologies are applicable to the determination of the structure and complex dynamics of proteins. Principal areas of expertise: * Pulsed Fourier Transform and Two Dimensional ESR * High Frequency-High Field (HFHF) ESR * High Resolution ESR Microscopy * Theory and Computational Methods for Modern ESR Activities include: * making resources available to the biomedical community, * publishing results, * running workshops on the new methodologies, * addressing the need to bring these new technologies to other laboratories. | electron spin resonance, spectrometer, electron spin resonance spectrometer, structure, dynamics, protein, structural biology technology center | has parent organization: Cornell University; New York; USA | NIGMS P41GM103521; NCRR P41RR016292 |
Free, Freely Available | nlx_152669 | SCR_001444 | ACERT National ESR Center, National Biomedical Center for Advanced Electron Spin Resonance Technology | 2026-08-03 09:31:23 | 1 | ||||||
|
Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics Resource Report Resource Website 10+ mentions |
Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics (RRID:SCR_001437) | LFD | access service resource, training resource, service resource, biomedical technology research center | Biomedical technology research center and training resource that develops novel fluorescence technologies, including instrumentation, methods and software applicable to cellular imaging and the elucidation of dynamic processes in cells. The LFD's main activities are: * Services and Resources: the LFD provides a state-of-the-art laboratory for fluorescence measurements, microscopy and spectroscopy, with technical assistance to visiting scientists. * Research and Development: the LFD designs, tests, and implements advances in the technology of hardware, software, and biomedical applications. * Training and Dissemination: the LFD disseminates knowledge of fluorescence spectroscopic principles, instrumentation, and applications to the scientific community. | fluorescence, measurement, microscopy, spectroscopy, biochemistry, cell culture, data analysis, biomolecule, membrane, in-vitro, optical spectroscopy, biological process, tissue culture, fluorescence microscopy, optical and laser technology center | has parent organization: University of California at Irvine; California; USA | NIGMS 8P41GM103540; NCRR 5P41RR003155 |
Restricted | nlx_152663 | SCR_001437 | Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics (LFD) | 2026-08-03 09:31:19 | 47 | ||||||
|
NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics Resource Report Resource Website 10+ mentions |
NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics (RRID:SCR_001435) | Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, TCBG | training resource, biomedical technology research center | Biomedical technology research center focusing on the structure and function of supramolecular systems in the living cell as well as on the development of new algorithms and efficient computing tools for physical biology. They bring the most advanced molecular modeling, bioinformatics, and computational technologies to bear on questions of biomedical relevance. They extend, refine and deliver these technologies in response to experimental progress and emerging needs of the wide biomedical research community. They magnify the impact of their work through direct collaboration with experimental researchers, the distribution of cutting-edge and user-friendly software, and via extensive training, service, and dissemination efforts. The multidisciplinary team is engaged in the modeling of large macromolecular systems in realistic environments, and has produced ground-breaking insights into biomolecular processes coupled with mechanical force, bioelectronic processes in metabolism and vision, and with the function and mechanism of membrane proteins. They are committed and work towards further advancement of * Molecular modeling tools which can integrate structural information with bioinformatics databases and molecular dynamics simulations, and which can be used by a wide audience; * High performance molecular visualization and simulation software, capable of modeling biomolecules in realistic environments of 100,000,000 atoms or more; * Conceptual and methodological foundations of molecular modeling in the fields of quantum biology, mechanobiology, and interactive modeling; * Biomedical science through collaborations between theoretical and experimental researchers; * Support of the entire research process and training through a web-enabled collaborative environment; and * Service, training, and dissemination by leveraging web-based molecular graphics and integrated modeling technologies. | supramolecular system, living cell, cell, algorithm, computing, physical biology, software, molecular dynamics, simulation, molecule, visualization, biomolecule, molecular modeling, bioinformatics, computational technology, computing and informatics technology center, model, macromolecule | has parent organization: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Illinois; USA | NIGMS P41GM104601 | Free, Freely Available | nlx_152659 | SCR_001435 | Resource for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling & Bioinformatics | 2026-08-03 09:31:22 | 33 | ||||||
|
BioCARS Resource Report Resource Website 50+ mentions |
BioCARS (RRID:SCR_001439) | BioCARS | access service resource, training resource, service resource, biomedical technology research center | Biomedical technology research center and training resource that is a state-of-the art, national user facility for synchrotron-based studies of dynamic and static properties of macromolecules by X-ray scattering techniques such as crystallography (specializing in time-resolved), small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering and fiber diffraction. BioCARS operates two X-ray beamlines, embedded in a Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) facility unique in the U.S. that permits safe studies of biohazardous materials such as human pathogens., THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 16,2025. | synchrotron, macromolecule, x-ray, crystallography, x-ray scattering, fiber diffraction, biological process, time-resolved crystallography, structural biology technology center | has parent organization: University of Chicago; Illinois; USA | NIGMS P41GM103543; NCRR P41RR007707 |
PMID:21685684 | THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE | nlx_152665 | http://cars9.uchicago.edu/biocars/ | SCR_001439 | BioCARS: A Synchrotron Structural Biology Resource | 2026-08-03 09:31:20 | 64 | ||||
|
National Resource for Automated Molecular Microscopy Resource Report Resource Website 1+ mentions |
National Resource for Automated Molecular Microscopy (RRID:SCR_001448) | NRAMM | training resource, biomedical technology research center | Biomedical technology research center that develops, tests and applies technology aimed toward completely automating the processes involved in solving macromolecular structures using cryo-electron microscopy. The goal is to establish a resource that will serve both as a center for high-throughput molecular microscopy as well as for transferring this technique to the research community. Current Core Technology Research and Development is focused on 4 areas: improving grid substrates and specimen preparation; further automation and optimization of image acquisition; development of an integrated single particle analysis and processing pipeline; and the development of automated high throughput EM screening. NRAMM welcomes applications of both collaborative and service projects. | macromolecular structure, cryo-electron microscopy, macromolecule, structure, microscopy, automation, high throughput, specimen handling, image acquisition, data processing, data information integration, structural biology technology center | NIGMS 9 P41 GM103310; NCRR 2P41RR017573 |
THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE | nlx_152671 | SCR_001448 | 2026-08-03 09:31:23 | 2 | ||||||||
|
National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison Resource Report Resource Website 1+ mentions |
National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison (RRID:SCR_001449) | NMRFAM | access service resource, service resource, training resource | Provides access and developes NMR technology to advance range of applications and improves the efficiency, rigor and reproducibility of NMR data acquisition and analysis. Houses NMR spectrometers equipped with state-of-the-art probe technology and protocols to support acquisition of high-quality data. Spectrometers range from 500 MHz to 1100 MHz. Service is tailored to the needs of individual users and projects. Provides training and advice on experimental design, best practices for data acquisition, and data analysis. Experienced staff support users with training opportunities including workshops, video tutorials and protocols. | nmr spectrometer, structure, function, protein, rna, dynamics, complex, membrane protein, paramagnetic protein, metabolomics, analysis, spectroscopy, nucleic acid, automation, data analysis, macromolecule, small angle x-ray scattering, structural biology technology center | has parent organization: University of Wisconsin-Madison; Wisconsin; USA | NIGMS R24GM141526; NIGMS P41136463 |
Free, Freely Available | nlx_152672 | SCR_001449 | 2026-08-03 09:31:20 | 4 | |||||||
|
Center for Integrative Biomedical Computing Resource Report Resource Website 1+ mentions |
Center for Integrative Biomedical Computing (RRID:SCR_001961) | CIBC | training resource, biomedical technology research center | Biomedical technology research center that produces open-source software tools for biomedical image-based modeling, biomedical simulation and estimation, and the visualization of biomedical data. The Center works closely with software users and collaborators in a range of scientific domains to produce user-optimized tools and provides advice, technical support, workshops, and education to enhance user success. Biological projects and collaborations drive their development efforts, all with a single unifying vision: to develop the role of image-based modeling and analysis in biomedical science and clinical practice. The CIBC has a strong, ongoing emphasis on software simulation of bioelectric fields, with clinically oriented collaborations in cardiac defibrillation and the diagnosis/treatment of epilepsy. In addition, the CIBC has expanded in recent years to include applications of statistical shape analysis and three-dimensional visualization to mouse genetics and neuroimaging and applications of image and geometry processing to cell biology. | cardiac defibrillation, epilepsy, software, biomedical, image, modeling, simulation, estimation, visualization, computing, informatics, computing and informatics technology center | has parent organization: University of Utah; Utah; USA | NIGMS P41GM103545 | nif-0000-10535 | SCR_001961 | NIH/NIGMS Center for Integrative Biomedical Computing | 2026-08-03 09:31:39 | 1 | |||||||
|
Visual Molecular Dynamics Resource Report Resource Website 100+ mentions |
Visual Molecular Dynamics (RRID:SCR_001820) | VMD | software resource, source code | A molecular visualization program for displaying, animating, and analyzing large biomolecular systems using 3-D graphics and built-in scripting. VMD supports computers running MacOS X, Unix, or Windows, is distributed free of charge, and includes source code. | standalone software, mac os x, unix, virtual machine, windows, c++ |
is listed by: OMICtools has parent organization: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Illinois; USA |
NIGMS | PMID:8744570 | Free, Freely available | OMICS_03804 | SCR_001820 | 2026-08-03 09:31:30 | 378 | ||||||
|
National Resource for Network Biology Resource Report Resource Website 1+ mentions |
National Resource for Network Biology (RRID:SCR_004259) | NRNB | training resource, biomedical technology research center | Biomedical technology research center that develops new algorithms, visualizations and conceptual frameworks to study biological networks at multiple levels and scales, from protein-protein and genetic interactions to cell-cell communication and vast social networks. They are developing freely available, open-source suite of software technology that broadly enables network-based visualization, analysis, and biomedical discovery for NIH-funded researchers. This software is enabling researchers to assemble large-scale biological data into models of networks and pathways and to use these networks to better understand how biological systems operate under normal conditions and how they fail in disease. The National Resource for Network Biology is organized around the following key components: Technology Research and Development, Driving Biomedical Projects, Outreach, Training and Dissemination of Tools. The NRNB supports several types of training events, including both virtual and live workshops; tutorials sessions for clinicians, biologists and bioinformaticians; presentations and demonstrations at conferences; online tutorials and webcasts; and annual symposium. | protein-protein interaction, interaction, cell, cell communication, network, model, pathway, biological system, disease, visualization, analysis, biomedical, computing and informatics technology center | has parent organization: University of California at San Diego; California; USA | NIGMS GM103504; NCRR RR031228 |
nlx_27231 | SCR_004259 | 2026-08-03 09:32:23 | 6 | ||||||||
|
Yeast Resource Center Resource Report Resource Website 1+ mentions |
Yeast Resource Center (RRID:SCR_007942) | YRC | training resource, biomedical technology research center | Biomedical technology research center that (1) exploits the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae to develop novel technologies for investigating and characterizing protein function and protein structure (2) facilitates research and extension of new technologies through collaboration, and (3) actively disseminates data and technology to the research community. Through collaboration, the YRC freely provides resources and expertise in six core technology areas: Protein Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Protein Sequence-Function Relationships, Quantitative Phenotyping, Protein Structure Prediction and Design, Fluorescence Microscopy, Computational Biology. | systems biology technology center, protein function, protein structure, mass spectrometry, protein, structure prediction, fluorescence microscopy, computational biology, sequence, function, phenotyping | has parent organization: University of Washington; Seattle; USA | NCRR ; NIGMS P41 GM103533 |
nif-0000-03650 | SCR_007942 | YRC | 2026-08-03 09:33:36 | 6 | |||||||
|
Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry Resource Report Resource Website 1+ mentions |
Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry (RRID:SCR_008161) | CCMS | training resource, biomedical technology research center | Biomedical technology research center that focuses on the computational bottlenecks that impair the interpretation of data, bringing modern algorithmic approaches to mass spectrometry and building a new generation of reliable, open-access software tools to support both new mass spectrometry instrumentation and emerging applications. | systems biology technology center, mass spectrometry, algorithm, computational proteomics, proteomics |
is listed by: DataCite has parent organization: University of California at San Diego; California; USA has parent organization: University of California; California; USA is parent organization of: NeuroPedia |
NCRR ; NIGMS |
nlx_152677 | https://api.datacite.org/dois?prefix=10.25345 | SCR_008161 | UCSD Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry | 2026-08-03 09:33:41 | 7 | ||||||
|
iPOP Resource Report Resource Website 10+ mentions |
iPOP (RRID:SCR_008991) | iPOP | data or information resource, data set | Data set generated by personal omics profiling of Dr. Michael Snyder at Stanford University. It combines genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and autoantibody profiles from a single individual over a 14 month period. The analysis revealed various medical risks, including type II diabetes. It also uncovered extensive, dynamic changes in diverse molecular components and biological pathways across healthy and diseased conditions. | genomics, proteomics, transcriptional profiling, saliva, blood, maternal data, metabolomics, personalized medicine, adult human, genetics, transcriptome, male | has parent organization: Stanford University; Stanford; California | Healthy | Breetwor Family Foundation ; Korber Foundation ; Fundacion Marcelino Botin ; Fundacion Lilly ; NLM T15-LM007033; NIGMS R24-GM61374; NHLBI T32 HL094274; NHLBI KO8 HL083914; NIH New Investigator DP2 award OD004613; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation Projects ; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation Projects ; European Union FP7 Genica ; European Union FP7 TELOMARKER ; European Research Council Advanced Grant |
PMID:22424236 | Free for personal, Non-exclusive, Non-transferable, Non-commercial access., Please cite. | nlx_152492 | SCR_008991 | Snyderome, Integrated Personal Omics Profiling | 2026-08-03 09:34:01 | 12 | ||||
|
NIH / NCRR Mass Spectrometry Resource Washington University in St. Louis Resource Report Resource Website 1+ mentions |
NIH / NCRR Mass Spectrometry Resource Washington University in St. Louis (RRID:SCR_009009) | Mass Spectrometry Resource, WU Mass Spectrometry Resource | training resource, biomedical technology research center | Biomedical technology research center that develops mass spectrometry-based tools for the study of proteins, lipids and metaboilites. These include biomarker identification, stable isotope mass spectrometry and the analysis of intact proteins. Our goals are: * to conduct basic research in the science of mass spectrometry * to establish collaborative research projects with scientists at WU and at other institutions * to provide a service in mass spectrometry * to educate and train students in mass spectrometry * to disseminate results of our research and descriptions of the subject of mass spectrometry | systems biology technology center, mass spectrometry, protein, lipid, metaboilite, biomarker, isotope, analysis | has parent organization: Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis; Missouri; USA | NIGMS ; NCRR 2P41RR00954 |
nlx_152688 | SCR_009009 | Mass Spectrometry Resource at Washington University in St. Louis, Washington University Mass Spectrometry Resource | 2026-08-03 09:34:11 | 1 | |||||||
|
Resource for Integrated Glycotechnology Resource Report Resource Website |
Resource for Integrated Glycotechnology (RRID:SCR_009008) | Resource for Integrated Glycotechnology | training resource, biomedical technology research center | Biomedical technology research center that develops technologies to increase understanding of the molecular basis of the involvement of carbohydrates in protein-carbohydrate interactions in disease and to develop more powerful technologies necessary to achieve this goal. Complex carbohydrates play an important role in many biomedically important processes, including inflammatory response, hormone action, malignancy, viral and bacterial infections and cell differentiation. The resource combines complimentary technologies: synthetic chemistry, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, computational biology, protein expression and cell-based assays. As new technologies are developed, application to these processes will be pursued through collaborative and service projects. | systems biology technology center, protein-carbohydrate interaction, disease, synthetic chemistry, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, computational biology, protein expression, cell-based assay, glycan, enzyme, carbohydrate | has parent organization: University of Georgia; Georgia; USA | NIGMS 8 P41 GM103390-23; NCRR 5P41RR005351-23 |
nlx_152685 | SCR_009008 | 2026-08-03 09:34:02 | 0 | ||||||||
|
National Resource for Biomedical Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Resource Report Resource Website |
National Resource for Biomedical Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (RRID:SCR_009006) | Resource for Biomedical AMS | access service resource, training resource, service resource, biomedical technology research center | Biomedical technology research center that develops and refines accelerator mass spectrometry methods and instrumentation for the precise, quantitative and cost-effective measurement of the effects of drugs and toxicants on humans at safe doses. It facilitates the use of accelerator mass spectrometry in biomedical research and provides training and access for researchers. | systems biology technology center, accelerator mass spectrometry, radioisotope, isotope | has parent organization: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory | NCRR ; NIGMS |
nlx_152682 | SCR_009006 | 2026-08-03 09:34:11 | 0 | ||||||||
|
Integrated Technology Resource for Biomedical Glycomics Resource Report Resource Website 1+ mentions |
Integrated Technology Resource for Biomedical Glycomics (RRID:SCR_009003) | Integrated Technology Resource for Biomedical Glycomics | training resource, biomedical technology research center | Biomedical technology research center that develops and implements new technologies to investigate the glycome of cells, including glycoproteomics and glycoconjugate analysis, transcript analysis and bioinformatics. It develops the tools and technology to analyze in detail the glycoprotein and glycolipid expression of mouse embryonic stem cells and the cells into which they differentiate. The technology developed in the Center will allow an understanding of how glycosylation is controlled during differentiation and will allow the development of tools to promote the use of stem cells to treat human disease. In addition, the technology developed will be applicable to the study of other cell types, including cancer cells that are progressing to a more invasive phenotype. The technology developed will also allow others in the scientific community to participate in glycomics research through dissemination of the new methods developed and through the analytical services provided by the resource to other scientists requesting assistance in glycomic analyses. | systems biology technology center, glycome, cell, glycoproteomics, glycoconjugate analysis, transcript analysis, bioinformatics, glycoprotein, glycolipid, embryonic stem cell, glycosylation, stem cell, glycomics | has parent organization: University of Georgia; Georgia; USA | NCRR ; NIGMS |
nlx_152678 | SCR_009003 | NCRR Integrated Technology Resource for Biomedical Glycomics | 2026-08-03 09:34:11 | 1 | |||||||
|
SSRL Structural Molecular Biology Resource Report Resource Website 1+ mentions |
SSRL Structural Molecular Biology (RRID:SCR_009000) | SSRL SMB | training resource, biomedical technology research center | Biomedical technology research center that operates as a integrated center with three primary areas (or cores) of technological research and development and scientific focus: macromolecular crystallography (MC), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and small-angle X-ray scattering/diffraction (SAXS) . Central to the core technological developments in all three areas is the development and utilization of improved detectors and instrumentation, especially to be able to take maximum advantage of the high brightness of SSRL?s third-generation synchrotron X-ray storage ring (SPEAR3). A primary focus is the use of enhanced computing and data management tools to provide more user-friendly, real-time and on-line instrumentation control, including full remote access for crystallography, data reduction and analysis. | synchrotron, radiation, structural biology, structural biology technology center, macromolecular crystallography, x-ray absorption spectroscopy, small-angle x-ray scattering, diffraction | has parent organization: Stanford University; Stanford; California | DOE ; NIGMS ; NCRR P41RR001209 |
nlx_152676 | SCR_009000 | Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource Structural Molecular Biology, Synchrotron Radiation Structural Biology Resource | 2026-08-03 09:34:02 | 1 |
Can't find your Tool?
We recommend that you click next to the search bar to check some helpful tips on searches and refine your search firstly. Alternatively, please register your tool with the SciCrunch Registry by adding a little information to a web form, logging in will enable users to create a provisional RRID, but it not required to submit.
Welcome to the RRID Resources search. From here you can search through a compilation of resources used by RRID and see how data is organized within our community.
You are currently on the Community Resources tab looking through categories and sources that RRID has compiled. You can navigate through those categories from here or change to a different tab to execute your search through. Each tab gives a different perspective on data.
If you have an account on RRID then you can log in from here to get additional features in RRID such as Collections, Saved Searches, and managing Resources.
Here is the search term that is being executed, you can type in anything you want to search for. Some tips to help searching:
If you are logged into RRID you can add data records to your collections to create custom spreadsheets across multiple sources of data.
Here are the facets that you can filter the data by.
If you have any further questions please check out our FAQs Page to ask questions and see our tutorials. Click this button to view this tutorial again.
